Week 1 EVT

Q1. Is a short position of a call option (= writing a call) equivalent to a long position of a put option (=buying a put)? Please explain.

Q2. Explain the similarities and the differences between a forward contract and a futures contract.

Chapter 2
Q3. A company enters into a long futures contract to buy 4,000 bushels of wheat for $2.00 per bushel. The initial margin is $3,000 and the maintenance margin is $2,000.
a. If futures price becomes $2.10 per bushel, calculate the cumulative gain.
b. What futures price change will trigger a margin call?

Chapter 3
Q4. A fund manager has a portfolio worth $20 million with a beta of 1.3. The manager is concerned about the performance of the market over the next two months and plans to use three month futures contracts on the S&P 500 to hedge the risk. The current index level is 2,000 and one futures contract is on 250 times the index (i.e., the index multiplier is 250). The risk free rate is 3.0% per annum and the dividend yield on the index is 2.0% per annum. The current three month futures price is $2,100.
a. What position should the fund manager take to hedge exposure to the market over the next two months? In other words, how many futures contracts does the manager have to buy or sell? Specify whether it’s a long (=buy) or short (=sell) position.
b. Calculate the effect of your strategy on the fund manager’s returns if the index in two months is 1900, 2000, 2100, 2200 and 2300. Assume in 2 months, the one month futures price will be 0.25% higher than the index level. For example, if the index becomes 2000 two months from now, the index futures price will be 1.0025*2000 = 2005.00.
c. Are the total values (hedged values = stock portfolio plus futures position) always greater than the stock (=unhedged) values, no matter what the index becomes in 2 months? If not, does it mean the hedge was unsuccessful? Explain.
Hint: To answer part b, replicate closely the textbook example in pages 6567. or review week 1 template as we will be discussing a very similar example. In other words, you need to create a spreadsheet similar to Table 3.4.


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