E02 Child Development Lesson 6 and 7 Exam SCORE 95 PERCENT

Question 1

2.5 / 2.5 points

The ability to think about and reflect on what others are thinking or feeling is an important developmental milestone and is referred to as:

Question options:

a) 

mindlessness.

b) 

non-egocentric thinking.

c) 

perspective-taking.

d) 

theory of mind.

Question 2

2.5 / 2.5 points

Rogers' humanistic theory proposes that self-concept develops from the child's:

Question options:

a) 

autonomous explorations of the world around them.

b) 

efforts to fulfill the need for self-actualization.

c) 

perceptions of his or her own unique experiences.

d) 

positive outlook, future mindedness, and courage.

Question 3

2.5 / 2.5 points

Sam walks over to help Kylie when she falls and skins her knee. He is exhibiting which form of perspective-taking?

Question options:

a) 

Affective

b) 

Altruistic

c) 

Cognitive

d) 

Spatial

Question 4

2.5 / 2.5 points

What special set of skills do child-made games encourage?

Question options:

a) 

Establishment of rules

b) 

Physical prowess

c) 

Skills negatively related to following rules

d) 

Skills unrelated to social development

Question 5

2.5 / 2.5 points

Difficulty breathing, snoring, bed-wetting, and night waking are behaviors that are most directly associated with:

Question options:

a) 

cerebral palsy.

b) 

childhood obesity.

c) 

family poverty.

d) 

long hours in child care.

Question 6

0 / 2.5 points

Handedness shows that children have developed:

Question options:

a) 

dexterity.

b) 

directionality.

c) 

left-right dominance.

d) 

prehension. (Incorrect)

Question 7

2.5 / 2.5 points

Cruz and Billy are building with blocks and before they know it, their structure is higher than their shoulders, the height limit for block structures in Mrs. Davis' preschool class. They notice it is teetering just as Amanda begins to build with blocks. "Watch out, Amanda!" they both say in unison. This is an example of _______ perspective-taking.

Question options:

a) 

affective

b) 

altruistic

c) 

cognitive

d) 

spatial

Question 8

2.5 / 2.5 points

A type of play in which children plan themes and roles together is called:

Question options:

a) 

associative.

b) 

cooperative.

c) 

parallel.

d) 

solitary.

Question 9

2.5 / 2.5 points

Curtis does not like any vegetable that is orange. What is the best strategy for his mother to take to encourage him to eat nutritious foods?

Question options:

a) 

Make him stay at the table and eat it, because otherwise he never will.

b) 

Offer him only the vegetables he requests.

c) 

Offer it to him a number of times and encourage him to taste it before giving his opinion.

d) 

Tell him that if he eats the carrots, he can have a brownie.

Question 10

2.5 / 2.5 points

Studies of parenting practices have identified a variety of parenting styles. Which of the following has been found to result in more harmful long-term effects?

Question options:

a) 

Authoritative discipline

b) 

Inductive discipline

c) 

Power assertive techniques

d) 

Productive discipline

Question 11

2.5 / 2.5 points

Of the following, health-related fitness includes:

Question options:

a) 

flexibility and agility.

b) 

muscular strength and endurance.

c) 

power and balance.

d) 

speed and cardio fitness.

Question 12

2.5 / 2.5 points

Preschoolers who lack affectionate relationships with their parents AND children who are overly affectionate with strangers are likely to have experienced:

Question options:

a) 

a disturbance in their relationships with an attachment figure during infancy.

b) 

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder emerging during the toddler years.

c) 

development of shame and doubt instead of autonomy during the toddler years.

d) 

repression of abusive behaviors that occurred during infancy.

Question 13

2.5 / 2.5 points

According to bioecological systems theory of development, the mesosystem includes the:

Question options:

a) 

child, the parents, teachers, and friends.

b) 

cultural and community institutions that directly affect the child.

c) 

public context in which the child is raised.

d) 

relationships among the people in the microsystem.

Question 14

2.5 / 2.5 points

Fine motor skills that preschoolers have mastered typically include:

Question options:

a) 

dancing to music.

b) 

handling small writing implements.

c) 

hopping, jumping, and running.

d) 

tying shoes, drawing, and skipping.

Question 15

2.5 / 2.5 points

According to Maslow's theory, belonging and love needs:

Question options:

a) 

are not important.

b) 

are most important.

c) 

precede the need for self-esteem.

d) 

typically cannot be met.

Question 16

2.5 / 2.5 points

According to bioecological systems theory of development, the child is most directly affected by the:

Question options:

a) 

exosystem.

b) 

macrosystem.

c) 

mesosystem.

d) 

microsystem.

Question 17

2.5 / 2.5 points

The ability to use one's hands and fingers in fine motor skills is called:

Question options:

a) 

dexterity.

b) 

directionality.

c) 

laterality.

d) 

prehension.

Question 18

2.5 / 2.5 points

Adults who help children resolve conflicts by focusing on the child's needs and wishes AND also those of other people are typically characterized as:

Question options:

a) 

authoritarian.

b) 

authoritative.

c) 

permissive indulgent.

d) 

permissive neglectful.

Question 19

2.5 / 2.5 points

Which of the following do the authors of the text cite as a powerful driving force in all aspects of a child's development?

Question options:

a) 

Balance

b) 

Body awareness

c) 

Directionality

d) 

Laterality

Question 20

2.5 / 2.5 points

The awareness and ability to use both sides of the body is referred to as:

Question options:

a) 

balance.

b) 

laterality.

c) 

left/right dominance.

d) 

right/left dominance.

Question 21

2.5 / 2.5 points

Walking, running, jumping, hopping, skipping, sliding, leaping, climbing, and galloping are referred to as _______ movement skills.

Question options:

a) 

locomotor

b) 

manipulative

c) 

muscle

d) 

stability

Question 22

2.5 / 2.5 points

Four-year-olds learn to use one of the following connective words correctly before the others. Which one do they master first?

Question options:

a) 

Because

b) 

Before

c) 

After

d) 

When

Question 23

2.5 / 2.5 points

Which of the following is NOT a possible cultural difference listed in your text in how children communicate?

Question options:

a) 

Amount of pause time between sentences

b) 

Facing a person when speaking, but not when listening

c) 

How frequently gestures are used

d) 

The sequence of language development

Question 24

2.5 / 2.5 points

A gross motor skill that a 7-year-old most likely has developed, but a 5-year-old most likely has not, is:

Question options:

a) 

changing directions while dribbling a basketball.

b) 

jumping rope consistently and rhythmically.

c) 

running forward and changing direction when a whistle blows.

d) 

singing and dancing at the same time.

Question 25

2.5 / 2.5 points

Conventional spelling that young children learn through direct instruction is called:

Question options:

a) 

developmental spelling.

b) 

invented spelling.

c) 

private spelling.

d) 

public spelling.

Question 26

2.5 / 2.5 points

Children who have mastered graphophonemic mappings understand that:

Question options:

a) 

drawing and print have different but related functions.

b) 

every letter in the alphabet has a conventional direction that determines its identity.

c) 

letters of the alphabet correspond to specific sounds.

d) 

marks on a page convey a specific message.

Question 27

2.5 / 2.5 points

Because bikes, skateboards, and scooters can be hazardous, children aged 5 through 8 should:

Question options:

a) 

always wear helmets and/or other protective gear.

b) 

avoid using them without an adult watching.

c) 

buy their own equipment, rather than sharing with other children.

d) 

use them only on playgrounds and at parks.

Question 28

2.5 / 2.5 points

Within the framework of the unified theory of development, the best example of how regulational changes interact with contextual changes during the early elementary years is a:

Question options:

a) 

child regularly mentions that math class is too easy, so his father enrolls him in an afterschool program for advanced students.

b) 

child wants to join the local swim team, but his mother says no because she thinks he is still too young for competitive teams.

c) 

parent notices her child's increasing attention span while they are reading together and takes the child to get her own library card.

d) 

parent notices that his child is not eating well and doesn't seem interested in trying new foods, so starts packing lunch foods that he cuts into unique shapes.

Question 29

2.5 / 2.5 points

Research on unstructured play in marginalized populations suggests that:

Question options:

a) 

cultural beliefs have a big influence on the ways in which children play.

b) 

in cultures where team sports are popular, play is usually structured and game-like.

c) 

most cultures consider play to be fun and carefree, rather than preparation for adulthood.

d) 

regardless of culture, unstructured play tends to be cooperative and inclusive.

Question 30

2.5 / 2.5 points

Throwing, catching, kicking, punting, trapping, striking, volleying, bouncing, and ball rolling are referred to as _______ movement skills.

Question options:

a) 

locomotor

b) 

manipulative

c) 

muscle

d) 

stability

Question 31

2.5 / 2.5 points

A 4-year-old child who prints from right to left, instead of left to right, is most likely:

Question options:

a) 

demonstrating early signs of dyslexia.

b) 

showing a delay in writing but not necessarily in other literacy skills.

c) 

still developing an understanding of the conventions of writing.

d) 

unfamiliar with books and other environmental print.

Question 32

2.5 / 2.5 points

Writing that young children create based on their perceptions of sound-symbol relationships is called:

Question options:

a) 

alphabetic principle.

b) 

constancy of position in space.

c) 

invented spelling.

d) 

reversals.

Question 33

2.5 / 2.5 points

Gardner argued that education must include both individuation and pluralization. Pluralization, in this approach, means that:

Question options:

a) 

all students' personal characteristics must be considered when planning lessons.

b) 

important ideas are presented in multiple ways that tap different intelligences.

c) 

in a diverse classroom, concepts and examples represent a variety of cultures.

d) 

people use different parts of their brains to process various kinds of information.

Question 34

0 / 2.5 points

Theories that propose that children's learning is influenced by their own exploration are known as _________ theories of learning.

Question options:

a) 

computational

b) 

constructivist

c) 

interactionist

d) 

Sociocultural (Incorrect)

Question 35

2.5 / 2.5 points

If a preschool child incorrectly applies a rule to a word that does not adhere to that rule (e.g., says "I bringed my lunch" instead of "I brought my lunch"), a teacher can best foster language development by saying:

Question options:

a) 

"Usually, we say 'brought,' not 'bringed' - so, you brought your lunch!"

b) 

"Yes, you brought your lunch today!"

c) 

"Yes, you did bring your lunch today!"

d) 

"Yes, you did! Are you hungry?"

Question 36

2.5 / 2.5 points

In their comprehensive study of language development in professional, working-class, and low-income families, Hart and Risley (1995) found that:

Question options:

a) 

children from lower-income families have bigger expressive vocabularies IF their family speaks more than one language at home.

b) 

children with higher IQs had bigger vocabularies than children with lower IQs, regardless of family socioeconomic status.

c) 

the greatest predictor of a child's vocabulary at age 3 is the socioeconomic status of the child's family.

d) 

vocabulary growth is most strongly associated with exposure to adult language during the infant and toddler years.

Question 37

2.5 / 2.5 points

Of the following, the most effective way to help preschoolers understand that clusters of letters represent words is to:

Question options:

a) 

encourage children to use invented spellings to communicate their thoughts in writing.

b) 

point to individual words while reading stories together.

c) 

remind children to use spaces between letters to indicate where words begin and end.

d) 

suggest that children write in block print, rather than scribble in imitation of cursive writing.

Question 38

2.5 / 2.5 points

Bending, stretching, twisting, turning, swinging, balancing, body rolling, starting, stopping, and dodging are referred to as _______ movement skills.

Question options:

a) 

locomotor

b) 

manipulative

c) 

muscle

d) 

stability

Question 39

2.5 / 2.5 points

Between the ages of 6 and 10, children's rate of growth tends to:

Question options:

a) 

increase significantly, with a major growth spurt.

b) 

increase slightly but continuously.

c) 

remain relatively stable.

d) 

slow down slightly.

Question 40

2.5 / 2.5 points

The concept that letters of the alphabet must have fixed positions to maintain their identity is called:

Question options:

a) 

alphabetic principle.

b) 

constancy of position in space.

c) 

invented spelling.

d) 

reversals.