1
Which of the following represents a challenge to the intellectualist option of divine command theory?
"God makes commands because they are good" implies that something beyond God's free command makes things good.
The intellectualist option states that ethics are not outside or above God, but ethics must be interpreted by God.
The intellectualist option places a false dichotomy between ethics and religion, thereby saying God has no ethical authority.
The intellectualist option is subjective, whereas divine command theory is supposed to be objective.
2
Which of the following scenarios would be impermissible for an egoist?
Krysta has some time to kill, so she sits in the mall and watches people go by.
Katie picks up litter on the street because she wants to live in a clean neighborhood.
Kevin works late, even though he doesn't get paid and has nothing to gain from it.
Keith gives up the comfort of home to realize his dream of playing in the NBA.
3
Which of the following observations poses a challenge to the cultural differences argument?
No two cultures have the same ethical framework.
Some cultures are descended from common ancestors.
Even if two cultures disagree, there can still be a right answer.
Morality is objective, so there are universal ethical truths.
4
Why is egoism considered a relativist theory of ethics?
Because it maintains that humans are not inherently selfish.
Because it maintains that what is good applies to everyone equally.
Because right and wrong are subject to the individual agent.
Because it maintains that there are universal truths most people agree on.
5
Frances, like most people in her culture, avoids making eye contact with strangers.
What would a conventionalist call the action of making eye contact with strangers?
Neutral
Supererogatory
Impermissible
Obligatory
6
Quentin's faith teaches that God commands everyone to give at least ten percent of their income to the poor. Quentin usually gives fifteen percent.
According to divine command theory, Quentin's action is __________.
obligatory
impermissible
supererogatory
neutral
7
Which of the following statements about divine command theory is true?
Divine command theory states that God's commands are universal ethical truths.
Divine command theory states that if God says nothing about an action, that action is forbidden.
Divine command theory is just another name for religion.
Divine command theory states that the intention justifies the action.
8
Which of the following represents a difficulty with egoism?
Egoism does not allow the egoist to evaluate others based on his or her perspective.
Egoism is a core part of human nature, so denying it is denying someone's humanity.
Egoism maximizes each individual's pleasure, which is something everyone wants.
Socially determined actions are usually more successful than self-determined actions.
9
Which of the following statements supports egoism?
Rewarding all athletic participants equally leads to more competitive play.
Individual entrepreneurs often benefit society.
The rule of law motivates actions for individuals.
Advancing the greater good over self-interest creates progress.
10
Which of the following examples contains a disagreement between popular thought and divine command theory?
God forbids divorce, so my wife and I didn't make a prenuptial agreement.
God says, "Woe to those who are rich," but many people strive for wealth.
God says to keep the Sabbath holy, so many people don't have to work on the weekend.
God forbids the worship of idols, so I only worship him.
11
Which of the following statements would you expect to hear from a conventionalist?
"Some cultures are closer to the objective truth than others."
"Some things are always wrong no matter the culture."
"There are no moral truths that apply universally."
"Cultures don't differ much in what they call good."
12
According to egoism, what might an egoist think about when compelled to serve on a jury?
We are obligated to honor the Constitution and its directive that everyone has a right to face a jury.
I have an important project at work I am obligated to complete this week.
The criminal justice system is obligated to work for all people.
It is a fair system when a panel of ordinary citizens are obligated to pass judgment.
13
Which of the following statements in support of divine command theory is true?
Divine command theory can be a source of comfort.
Divine command theory cannot provide clear motivations for being moral.
The ultimate basis for divine command theory ethics can be found in the empirical world.
Divine command theory does not provide a clear basis for ethics.
14
Michelle is visiting a Muslim country. She doesn't know what to expect because she knows that some Muslim societies expect women to wear a head-scarf when they are outdoors. When she gets off of the airplane, Michelle immediately notices that all the women in the airport are wearing head-scarves.
According to conventionalism, which action would be most appropriate for Michelle to take?
Tie her hair back and put on a baseball cap.
Buy a head-scarf and put it on.
Buy a head scarf and keep it in her purse in case someone tells her to put it on.
Let her hair show because she isn't Muslim.
15
Which of the following people would most likely be satisfied with conventionalism?
Meriwether is looking for an ethical framework that values the world culture over local groups.
Mara is looking for an ethical framework that can account for changing cultural attitudes.
Malie is looking for an ethical framework that says, "Greed is good."
Martin is looking for an ethical framework that says, "You do you."
