Which school of psychology focuses on client-centered therapy, as well as an individual's perspective and subjective experience?
Psychodynamic view
Cognitive view
Humanistic view
Sociocultural view
CONCEPT
2
Cindy was born with a small head, a low birth weight, and mental retardation — symptoms of fetal alcohol syndrome.
The alcohol that Cindy's mother consumed during pregnancy is considered which of the following?
A teratogen
A sensitive period
A stimulant
A genetic disorder
CONCEPT
3
Which of the following statements describes the pituitary gland?
It controls signals for other glands and is considered the "master gland."
It regulates the body's rhythms and secretes melatonin.
It regulates metabolism and has a large impact on personality.
CONCEPT
Endocrine System: Glands and Hormones
4
Psychodynamic theory includes the contributions of Neo-Freudian psychologists Alfred Adler, Karen Horney, and __________.
Carl Jung
B.F. Skinner
Wilhelm Wundt
John B. Watson
CONCEPT
History of Psychodynamic & Neo-Freudians
5
A small selection of people for psychological research is called a(n) __________.
experimental group
population
control group
sample
CONCEPT
6
Which of the following describes dependent variables in an experiment?
Variables that are controlled by the researcher
Variables that are measured as results
Variables that can be manipulated within a study
Variables can have an impact on the relationship between other sets of variables
CONCEPT
7
Insanity is a legal term for the __________ of individuals, and how responsible they are for their actions.
psychosis
mania
mental illness
mental fitness
CONCEPT
8
In extreme cases, depression can lead to __________.
hallucinations
suicidal thoughts
delusions
catatonia
CONCEPT
9
Dissociative identity disorder is characterized by which of the following symptoms?
Experiencing temporary, reversible memory loss that involves wandering and the possible establishment of a new personality
Having several different, distinct personalities that are observed at different times
Losing part or all of one's memory related to one's sense of identity
Losing the ability to recognize familiar faces, while retaining memory and identity
CONCEPT
10
What is the underlying principle of cognitive therapy?
A person forgets important events in life.
A person's perception of an event is as important as the event itself.
A person often suppresses unhealthy thoughts or feelings.
A person's thoughts or feelings about an experience are not important.
CONCEPT
Behavioral & Cognitive Therapy
11
At certain times during their development, people have an increased awareness and understanding of stimuli in the environment.
These times are called which of the following?
Sensitive periods
Biological predispostions
Inheritable periods
Congenital periods
CONCEPT
12
Which of the following terms describes the process of responding to a stimulus similar to one that has been learned with a completely different response?
Stimulus discrimination
Stimulus generalization
Spontaneous recovery
Extinction
CONCEPT
13
Informed consent refers to which of the following?
The expectation of confidentiality in the client-therapist relationship
Permission given by participants to receive treatment as part of an experiment
An understanding by participants that they may be physically harmed during an experiment
The use of a placebo drug in an experiment
CONCEPT
14
Twin studies have shown that __________.
biological factors are much more influential
environmental factors are much more influential
while certain characteristics are biologically predetermined, they do not fully explain individual cognitive and social development
prenatal development is key to cognitive and social development
CONCEPT
15
Which of the following is a neurotransmitter?
Amino acids
Acetylcholine
Dendrite
Tryptophan
CONCEPT
Neurotransmitters and Synapses
16
Traits that are so strong and important to a person that they underlie every action are called __________.
common traits
cardinal traits
secondary traits
individual traits
CONCEPT
17
Which component of Freud's structure of personality operates on the "pleasure principle" and provides mental energy for personality?
Superego
Id
Ego
CONCEPT
18
Which of the following is a somatoform disorder in which a person interprets normal bodily functions as symptoms of serious illness?
Somatization disorder
Pain disorder
Hypochondriasis
Conversion disorder
CONCEPT
19
Which of the following causes a neuron to create an electrical charge along its cellular membrane?
Synaptic connections to other neurons
Energy from the cell's mitochondria
Neurotransmitters
Ions inside and outside of the neuron
CONCEPT
20
Which of the following psychoanalytic theorists developed theories of neurosis, basic anxiety, and interpersonal relationships?
Sigmund Freud
Henry Murray
Karen Horney
Alfred Adler
CONCEPT
Neo-Freudians: Horney and Adler
21
Which of the following is NOT part of the neuron?
Axon
Synapse
Dendrite
Myelin
CONCEPT
22
Frank is unemployed and does not have health insurance. He has been diagnosed with mild depression. Frank would like to receive psychotherapy to improve his mood, boost his motivation, and prevent his depression from worsening. He also wants to schedule his therapy so that he can continue to pick up his children from school.
Which of the following treatment settings is likely the best fit for Frank?
Halfway house
Mental hospitalization
Partial hospitalization
Community mental health center
CONCEPT
23
__________ occurs when an individual is worn down as a result of prolonged stress on the job.
Burnout
Resistance
Pressure
General adaptation syndrome
CONCEPT
Stages of Stress and Psychoimmunology
24
From birth until to six months of age, childhood development is focused on which of the following?
Language recognition
Independence
Physical awareness
Emotional range
CONCEPT
25
Two sample groups are recruited for participation in a medication trial study. One group is designated as the control group, and the other as the experimental group.
The experimental group of participants does which of the following?
Receives a sugar pill within the study
Receives the placebo within the study
Does not receive a form of treatment within the study
Receives the medication in the study
