Which of the following is NOT a genetic disorder?
Down syndrome
A sex chromosome disorder
Cystic fibrosis
Fetal alcohol syndrome
CONCEPT
2
This type of gene must be paired with a second, similar gene in order for a trait to be expressed.
Which of the following best fits this description?
Recessive
Chromosome
DNA
Dominant
CONCEPT
3
Which of the following is the strongest influence on a person's development?
Nature
Nurture
Both nature and nurture are influential.
Neither nature nor nurture is influential.
CONCEPT
4
Which of the following terms describes unique genetic information that is passed down to offspring?
DNA
Recessive
Dominant
Chromosome
CONCEPT
5
Which of the following is an advantage of rote learning?
It can be applied to many different situations.
It leads to long-lasting knowledge.
It involves critical thinking.
It is an efficient way to learn facts.
CONCEPT
6
At this stage of moral development, a person is concerned with the effects or results of his or her behavior, and with his or her self-interest.
Which of the following best fits this description?
Postconventional moral reasoning
Preconventional moral reasoning
High-end moral reasoning
Conventional moral reasoning
CONCEPT
7
Which parenting style is thought to produce children who grow up to be emotionally withdrawn, distant, and lacking in curiosity?
Authoritative style
Overly permissive style
Restrictive style
Authoritarian style
CONCEPT
8
James watches his older brother and notes the consequences of his older brother's actions. These consequences impact whether James is more or less likely to perform an action.
James is engaging in which of the following?
Observational learning
Latent learning
Cognitive learning
Social learning
CONCEPT
9
At which stage of mental development can a child use inductive and deductive reasoning to form hypotheses?
Preoperational stage
Concrete operational stage
Formal operational stage
Sensorimotor stage
CONCEPT
Stages 3 and 4 of Piaget's 4 Stages of Cognitive Development
10
Insecurity and suspicion towards others can be caused by failure to develop appropriately at which stage of psychosocial development?
Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
Industry vs. inferiority
Initiative vs. guilt
Trust vs. mistrust
CONCEPT
Erikson's First 4 Stages of Development
11
According to Erickson, the intimacy vs. isolation stage of development is characterized by which of the following aspects?
Needing to create (i.e., nurture and establish) a sense of accomplishment
Developing a personal identity
Seeking a sense of fulfillment and knowledge
Valuing relationships, and hoping to find a life partner
CONCEPT
Erikson's Final 4 Stages of Development
12
According to Piaget's stages of cognitive development, a child develops specific mental abilities during certain periods of growth and maturity.
At what age does a child demonstrate logical, concrete reasoning and become less egocentric, though it is unlikely that he or she can think abstractly?
11 years old and up
Birth to 2 years old
7 to 11 years old
2 to 7 years old
CONCEPT
Stages 1 and 2 of Piaget's 4 Stages of Cognitive Development
13
Which of the following indicates the total effect that a mother has on her child?
Emotional attachment
Paternal influence
Maternal influence
Secure attachment
CONCEPT
Maternal and Paternal Influences
14
Starting at around 18 months old, childhood development is focused on which of the following?
Physical awareness
Self-awareness
Language recognition
Emotional range
CONCEPT
15
During infancy, researchers assess __________ in infants by observing their adaptability, sensitivity, and emotion.
temperament
developmental level
reaction range
grasping reflex
CONCEPT
16
According to cognitive theory, a person can modify an existing concept, or create a new concept, when presented with new information.
This is called __________.
assimilation
accommodation
transformation
CONCEPT
Cognitive Development: Assimilation and Accommodation
17
Which type of attachment occurs when responses from a parent are not predictable?
Insecure-avoidant attachment
Emotional attachment
Secure attachment
Insecure-ambivalent attachment
CONCEPT
18
Because individuals inherit their genes from their parents, biologically-driven genetics can increase the likelihood of developing a behavioral pattern or disease.
This is also called __________.
sensitive period
biological predisposition
readiness
temperament
CONCEPT
19
Which theory addresses how people learn to perform certain cognitive tasks on their own by first learning to do so with the assistance of others?
Bowlby's attachment theory
Erickson's psychosocial development theory
Vygotsky's sociocultural theory
Bandura's social learning theory
