1
Which of the following terms describes the way in which an environment can limit the effects of heredity?
Nature vs. nurture
Personality vs. environment
Genetics
Reaction range
CONCEPT
2
When a child's environment is purposefully altered to be more stimulating, reassuring, and caring, this is called which of the following?
Enrichment
Deprivation
Age-appropriate stimulation
Loving support
CONCEPT
3
At the earliest stage of cognitive development, an infant is unable to understand that objects continue to exist when they can't be seen.
This is called which of the following?
Assimilation
Conservation
Object permanence
Egocentric thought
CONCEPT
Stages 1 and 2 of Piaget's 4 Stages of Cognitive Development
4
Gigi believes that it is important to please others, and to do things that will enable her to be accepted. When she learned that someone had stolen the answers to a history test, Gigi didn't want to inform on her friends who studied the answers.
Gigi is likely in which of Kohlberg's levels of moral development?
Postconventional moral reasoning
Conventional moral reasoning
Preconventional moral reasoning
CONCEPT
5
Which term describes a condition that a baby is born with that may result from the prenatal environment, or genetic or chromosomal abnormalities?
Recessive
Deprivation
Congenital
Teratogen
CONCEPT
6
Sophie is nine months old and smiles at her parents when they enter the room.
Sophie's smile is which of the following?
Social smile
Cued smile
Happy smile
Temporary smile
CONCEPT
7
Devon watches his dad as he mows the lawn. Devon then takes his bubble mower and pushes it around while making lawnmower sounds.
Devon's dad is a(n) __________ for Devon's behavior.
model
imitation
replica
CONCEPT
8
Which of Erikson's stages of development is characterized by interest in contributing to the community and guiding the next generation?
Intimacy vs. isolation
Generativity vs. stagnation
Integrity vs. despair
Identity vs. role confusion
CONCEPT
Erikson's Final 4 Stages of Development
9
A parent who sets no limits or guidelines for a child, and is emotionally distant and dismissive, uses which parental style?
Authoritarian parenting
Authoritative parenting
Overly permissive parenting
Negligent/neglectful parenting
CONCEPT
10
When someone helps a learner by demonstrating and adjusting a task to make it more manageable for the learner to perform, it is called __________.
scaffolding
object permanence
the zone of proximal development
transformation
CONCEPT
11
Which term refers to the development of skills and growth in a predictable way?
Biological predisposition
Enrichment
Maturation
Scaffolding
CONCEPT
12
Children who don't show affection for parents or caregivers when being held or played with exhibit which attachment style?
Insecure-ambivalent attachment
Secure attachment
Insecure-avoidant attachment
CONCEPT
13
Ted and his father like to go out to eat every Saturday morning. They talk about Ted's school progress during the past week, and what they are going to do on the weekend.
The total effect that fathers have on their children is called __________.
dad time
paternal influence
maternal influence
mom time
CONCEPT
Maternal and Paternal Influences
14
A recessive gene can be described as which of the following?
A gene that controls multiple traits that depend on many factors for their expression
A gene that is expressed every time it is present
A gene that is only found within chromosomal abnormalities
A gene that is not expressed unless two of them are present: one from each parent
CONCEPT
15
Quantell thinks there is a shorter route from the grocery store to his home. While he has never taken this route, he uses his knowledge of the area to determine the way to go.
Quantell's mental representation of the area near his home is which of the following?
A rote map
A discovery map
A latent map
A cognitive map
CONCEPT
16
Select the true statement about assimilation and accommodation.
It is easier for an individual to construct schemas through accommodation than through assimilation.
It is easier for an individual to construct schemas through these methods when he/she possesses solidified knowledge.
It is easier for an individual to construct schemas through these methods when he/she is older.
It is easier for an individual to construct schemas through these methods when he/she is younger.
CONCEPT
Cognitive Development: Assimilation and Accommodation
17
Gregor Mendel is known as the father of genetics. He focused on the inheritance of characteristics, and discovered that each characteristic has two aspects: a genetic blueprint and an observable characteristic.
These aspects are named __________.
genotype and cytosine
cytosine and phenotype
genotype and phenotype
cytosine and guanine
CONCEPT
18
At which stage does a person reach full cognitive development?
Concrete operational stage
Preoperational stage
Formal operational stage
Sensorimotor stage
CONCEPT
Stages 3 and 4 of Piaget's 4 Stages of Cognitive Development
19
Erik Erikson is a psychologist who is associated with which theory of development?
Sociocultural development
Language development
Psychosocial development
Psychosexual development
